I have a couple of problems with the many weird assumptions that has been made by the creator of this topic.
First of all he talks about dissonance in music as perceived by a select group of people that existed hundreds of years ago as being the only correct one and all others as being unnatural or false when people of almost any era have differing views on consonance and dissonance that do not correspond with this one period in history (baroque). The fact is that the "hundreds of years of tradition" do not narrow down to one single use of consonance and dissonance. Composers before the baroque era had many differing views on the subject, as did the composers that followed, and these ideas were constantly evolving throughout the baroque era itself. Even composers in the same era didn't necessarily always agree on everything when it came to the treatment of music (Bach wasn't the only composer in the baroque era, you know). The assumption that one treatment of consonance and dissonance remained "standard" throughout the entire history of western culture or even began anything like how it ended up is simply false.
Also the creator of this topic talks about "tension" in music and that a resolution of this "tension" as defined by baroque musicians is consistent with the "laws of the universe", when in reality, the laws of nature and the galaxy/universe do not seem to agree. Take for instance something I had noticed on a hike in the mountains that I had recently taken. I noticed that the wind was whistling through the hollow of a nearby tree creating an A flat/G sharp (approximately). I also noticed another tone coming from somewhere nearby (I couldn't distinguish exactly where from) creating a B flat/A sharp (approximately). This, of course, creates an apparent major second to the human ear which, by baroque standards, would demand resolution. And yet, nature made no attempts whatsoever to resolve this apparent "dissonance." The hollow of the tree neither extended nor contracted to change the interval to a unison/octave/fifth/third/sixth or any other interval of any kind. The other nearby whistling also made no attempts to adjust its pitch to "resolve a dissonance." According to the OP, the laws of the cosmos should have intervened to resolve this apparent "tension", and yet if I went on this same hike on a windy day today, tomorrow, or two years from now the same dissonance would occur without any resolution nor any attempt for resolution (barring human or animal intervention or some natural disaster). The truth is that the universe/galaxies/cosmos/nature does not care about dissonance and consonance in music and these entities never have and never will demand resolution when it occurs. Many sounds in nature will create a perception of dissonance without any attempt to "resolve" itself. This perception of dissonance and consonance is one of humans and possibly some (but most definitely not all!!!) animal species. The apparent "tension" in music is simply a perceived one and does not actually exist in the natural world.
In addition, in order for his theory on "natural" dissonance and consonance to make any sense, there would have to be nearly complete conformity amongst most all people in all circumstances, thereby showing some possibility of proof for an inherent "rightness" of consonance as perceived by baroque musicians. The actual fact of the matter is that the vast majority of people (not just in this time but throughout history and probably extending forever into the future) always have and always will perceive consonance and dissonance differently depending on context. Jazz quite commonly uses the same major and minor scales that have been used throughout the history of western music (in addition to some others, like the whole-tone, octatonic, and blues scales). In jazz, the chord of resolution will commonly have an added sixth, seventh, and/or ninth, and yet most people hear a resolution (not just some small portion of the population). These added tones on the chord of resolution also occur fairly frequently in all sorts of contemporary styles including pop/rock/alternative/etc. and yet most people accept it as resolution and a convincing ending with no perception of it being "unfinished" and no further desire for resolution. In fact, in most blues and a great number of jazz pieces, most people would hear a piece ending on a simple triad as being strange or "all wrong" and more "unfinished" than a seventh chord (suggesting that the simple triad has more tension than relaxation in this context), even if this piece was played entirely in the common major and minor modes and used no other scale. Most people can also hear tension and relaxation in many pieces written using 20th century techniques and find the ending to be quite convincing without any need for further resolution. Also, people can very commonly hear the "retrograde" progression in pop music (I-V-IV-I) as a completely convincing ending. The creator of this topic says that pop music is mostly fine and yet most pop will use this retrograde progression as a cadence quite frequently and this would practically never occur in baroque music. In spite of this "unacceptable" progression occurring so frequently, no one hears this as any sort of a problem.
I also feel like this topic tends to assign some ridiculous sense of "morality" to music that doesn't really make any sense. For one thing, most people perceive beauty quite differently and (quite contrary to the OP's belief) it does not conform completely (or nearly) to the ideals of any single era for the vast majority of people for now and throughout history. The vast majority of music today has no desire nor intention to "glorify God" and it most definitely has no care about SimenN's sense of musical morality nor any intention to conform to some made up need for resolution from the universe/nature/etc. since natural laws do not make any attempt, whatsoever, to actually correct dissonance when it occurs. Most music today (and almost all secular music throughout history) was intended for expression and only expression. Overly-diatonic music rarely accomplishes this goal satisfactorily for the vast majority of people after the middle of the classical era and so there is no need nor desire on behalf of most musicians as well as consumers to conform to any bizarre need to avoid chromaticism and/or atonality. In fact, baroque music is not actually currently popular with the vast majority of western civilization. In fact, a great number of people now can find it quite unsatisfying or even boring (not me, but many). You should use the melody/texture/chord progression/rhythm/instruments/compositional methods that you as an individual feel accomplishes the goal to express exactly what it is that you desire to express. Any opinions that someone is "doing it wrong" has no ground in actual fact.
Tradition is also a ridiculous reason to follow any preconceived notion of what music might be "correct" since (as I've already demonstrated on most of these topics): there is no "natural law" that the universe/galaxies/cosmos/nature follows for the treatment of consonance and dissonance and any opinions on that are simply OPINIONS and have no ground in fact; most eras in history and sometimes the people in any individual era disagreed on these concepts; most individuals find importance, resolution, and beauty in all kinds of music composed using all kinds of different compositional methods and styles; and "everyone else has done it this or that way" (or, in other words "everyone is doing it") is a very silly reason to do anything. Just because a bunch of people do/did something doesn't mean that it is correct or even desirable. Vast groups of people have been wrong and continue to be wrong, that's just how it is and always will be.
I would never want to imply that writing in a past style is ever wrong, though, depending mostly on the composers intentions. I'm simply trying to say that there is no "right" or "wrong" when it comes to composing.
BTW, SimenN, a great many colleges and universities in the United States teach chromaticism as a standard part of music theory and 20th century techniques as a standard requirement for most degrees in music. So, telling someone to "go ask your teacher" will not necessarily have the affect that you desire since most qualified music educators will have studied chromaticism as well as post-tonality and would only agree to baroque standards of what is or is not acceptable (in regards to use of chromaticism and atonality) when referring to that particular time in history.