Wieland Handke

I also must admit that I’ve never read or heard about those two books. However, score engraving is an interesting topic for me and I take a lot of care to produce satisfying scores for my compositions. Therefore, that „debate“ should be something for me, too. The only „literature“ I’ve actually read about the art of music score engraving is the „Lilypond Essay“ which I’ve linked here. Even if I run the risk of @Henry Ng Tsz Kiu is thinking that I am a Lilypond lobbyist or salesman (😆, I must think on the „rodeo“ between Henry and @SeekJohn14v6 ...), I am just a Lilypond user, and I’m glad with this notation software for two reasons. First, the approach of writing „source code“ and „compiling“ it into a score and a MIDI-file is the right one for me, since in my everyday work I'm familiar with writing tons of lines of source code rather than using a WYSIWYG-interface. The other, and possibly more important fact is, that the resulting engravings are much more satisfying and similar to old-fashioned hand engravings than the most of the other notation software solutions are currently able to produce. So I had a small look again at the above cited „Lilypond Essay“ and, interestingly, the two books you mentioned can be found prominently in the „(Short) Literature List“. I looked around, if I could find some PDFs, excerpts etc. on the internet – and indeed I found some, so that I can take a view on that books to be able to participate in the „debate“ soon. Thanks for the suggestion!

Congratulations for this enjoyable and galant short sonata! It is nice to see such an easy and playable piece which comprises compositional skills to let it sound in the mood of the late Baroque era. Allegro An easy to play but clearly structured sonata form movement! I especially liked the phrases with the syncopated, perhaps staccato eighth notes in the second theme in bars 17-18 and 21-22. To make this second theme even more colorful and to avoid the tendency of repetition, I would try to vary bars 13, 15, 19 and 23 slightly, for example by introducing more counter-movement between the voices, at least in some of the repetitions. Might be that the finale could be made a little more elaborated, for example by creating two variants for the last few bars, so that in the repetition there could be some more ornamentation when reaching the final chord. Some aspects regarding the playability and “aesthetics” of the score. Measure 31 should be moved to the first page to avoid turning the page, which is only necessary for one measure here, and I would try to balance the distribution of measures between the staves so that the last staff does not appear so stretched out. Andante Serious, with slow rhythm, but also with a dancing character, perhaps an Allemande. I would avoid the octaves between bass and treble in bar 4, third beat and bar 5, first beat. Perhaps the bass could be in mm. 4-5 as | D E A Bb | F C# D F |. The same in bar 13, first beat (G instead D). Minuet The minuet is another superb example how an easy piece can be expressive and full of character. I love the articulation and ornamentation which unmistakably emphasize the dance-like character of the minuet. By the way, I think I have recognized some more or different ornamentations in the recording than in the score, for example in the repetition of bars 7 and 15 of the minuet and the repetition of bars 4 and 6 of the trio. Is it a live recording or, if not, did you have to realize all that ornamentations in your notation software „by hand“ to achieve that realistic effect and the distinction between the different occurrences of the section due to the repetitions? I ask this because I do the same thing when writing a score, having a „print“ score and a „midi“ score achieved through „if-else“s in the same Lilypond source code. (Yes, I have seen in your profile that you are one of the few composers who also use Lilypond ...) Rondo At the end the fun, the fast rondo. Here, I would assume that this is not a live recording, which would bring to the piece the intended lightness and elegance with more soulful phrasing - that the composition undoubtedly contains. When reading the score, I was initially somewhat confused because I could not see the upbeat note that introduces each next phrase. Therefore, I would divide the two eighth notes at the end of measures 4, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, and 61 into separated ones that are not connected by a beam.

Thank you for sharing this wonderful Prelude-and-Fugue piece. Since I also compose preludes and fugues, I am very excited and interested in reviewing such a pair. And indeed, I really enjoyed it and have now a few thoughts or comments which are not to be considered as „criticism“, but rather intended as an advice or idea how this beautiful piece could be improved further and finally made „great“: When listening to the prelude for the first time, I clearly recognized the Baroque style of a French overture with its double dots and 32nd runs, but there were something stylistic that differed from a typical Baroque and counterpuntual piece. Now, after listening multiple times and with the help of the other comments, I figured out that this is due to the repetition of measures 1-14 in bars 15-27, which means that up to this point there is no real modulation away from the tonic G minor. There is nothing wrong with it, but I would agree with the suggestions of @muchen_ and @Willibald to possibly change something concerning the modulation and recurrection of the material, also with respect that usually the prelude is not longer than its fugue. The fugue subject is very memorable and expressive, I especially love the „wedge-like“ ending in mm. 68, which, in my opinion, implies that the theme should not end with the first eighth note in bar 68, but should extend over the entire four bars. In the comes in bar 72, you have already quoted the “wedge,” even though this bar is a variation of the original, while in the third entry in bar 76, the “wedge” is completely lost, which I regret. In measures 80-85, 87-95, and 96-103, you have created three (or even four) sections with sequences based on different contrapuntal material—for example, quotations or parts of the theme—which would be perfect as interludes or episodes between further development (or exposition) sections of the fugue theme. And that is exactly what I would like to see: at least two further developments of the excellent fugue subject. I also could imagine a coda with a pedal point and perhaps a recurrection of the 32nd notes texture from the prelude as ending climax! With this in mind – to shorten the prelude and to extend or „complete“ the fugue – your piece could become a marvellous pair – Prelude and Fugue in G minor!

Thank you, @J. Lee Graham and @Kvothe for your comments which are very inspiring and stimulating for me! Since you don’t find my 10/8 D lydian fugue exposition to weird, I’ll go forward with it and will share my progressions here as soon as possible.

1. How do you feel about including AI generated music on YCF? In my opinion, AI generated music is misplaced in the general submission threads and competitions/events on this forum, since the purpose of the forum is to exchange about the composition process, results, difficulties etc. (and not about which music one likes or not). However, to ban it completely would mean to neglect a tendency which is now existing and will further increase in the future. Thus, a special, separated sub-forum could be a compromise, but I have to admit that @muchen_ 's objection and demand for quarantine cannot be dismissed out of hand. 3. If we decide to regulate AI music, how should we detect it? I am (strongly) opposed to the use of online AI detection tools, as they can lead to “false positives” and, in my opinion, their use contradicts the goal of publishing and reviewing only high-quality, human created compositions in this forum. Therefore, the judgement can only be done in the same way as requested for the submissions. With this background, the distinction between genuine compositions and compositions generated (wholly or partly) by AI can only be achieved by making the composition process used by individual members more transparent. One idea could be to create a special section in the forum where each member can post their own topic explaining in detail how they normally work, including the notation software they use, the type of recording (either live recording or with which DAW software), etc. I think anyone who intends to regularly publish works in the forum would appreciate it if others could take a look behind the scenes, so that we could learn a lot from each other. A regular submission of a piece could then include a link to this explanatory post and should, of course, include a PDF score, an MP3 audio, possibly an intermediary MIDI file, a brief description of the musical form, key, time signature, instrumentation, etc., as well as a little background information about the inspiration and idea behind the piece. I think, that if we could encourage members to post their contributions in this way, the overall quality of the forum would improve and, more importantly for the submitters, it would be easier for reviewers to familiarize themselves with the pieces, which would certainly lead to more and profound reviews. (I say that also with the background that some members tend to „flood“ the forum with a dozen of uncommented posts at once – which might be fine but not necessarily leads to many or instant reviews. Sometimes, less is more.) I don't know if such a procedure could be introduced as a “rule,” perhaps more as a “recommendation.” However, if the “experienced” members were to post in this way, they could serve as example for the others.

Thank you, again, @chopin@Luis Hernández, @Henry Ng Tsz Kiu and @PeterthePapercomPoser for your warmhearty comments! Yes, this one expresses the joy played by the shepherds on their instruments – even it might sound sometimes a bit weird – and therefore should be related to Christmas Day. The Empty Church, in contrast, reflects the „Silent Night“ before and I love them both although it was not my intention to create two pieces from the material, initially. Interestingly, nobody did mention or even dislike the usage of my „surprise instrument“ – the bagpipes. When starting the instrumentation, the bagpipe came around a bit very offending and – yes, I must admit that I have a bit cheated by sometimes reducing their dynamics, while a bagpipe in reality is not able to do so. After now being a bit focused on that instrument’s sound, capabilities and notation, I was quite surprised when listening to Haendel’s „Pifa“ from the Messiah these days, that I’m feeling that the bagpipes are cited there throughout. After some research to confirm this, I found a very interesting recording of the "Pifa" featuring only bagpipes, and the name "Pifa" itself refers to the bagpipe players – thus realizing that my use of bagpipes in a Christmas pastoral piece, while not original, is all the more "authentic."

Yes, the Theorbo is a “larger lute” which (at least here in Germany) is increasingly being used in baroque orchestras alongside the harpsichord and a small organ as a Basso Continuo instrument. I think I first discovered it about five years ago and am always delighted when it is used, for example in Handel's Messiah. It lends such warmth or even a “Mediterranean feeling” to the accompaniment that it surpasses the somewhat “boring” harpsichord and organ, which are unable to play dynamics, while they are needed for rhythmic and percussive accents (the harpsichord) and harmonic filling and foundation (the organ). That in mind, I decided - after nearly completing the instrumentation of my Prelude IX in E major as submission for the 2025 Christmas event - to create a Basso Continuo part, too, to emphasize the Baroque orchestra character. I must admit that it was a larger effort than initially expected (and my figured bass „numbers“ might be error-prone), however I really enjoyed the result so that I came around to present it as an „own piece“ here since I think it is worthwhile to hear it without the other instruments, which otherwise so strongly dominate the Basso Continuo that it's usually only perceived subconsciously. Thank you, @chopin, @Luis Hernández, @Henry Ng Tsz Kiu, @Kvothe and @PeterthePapercomPoser for confirming my belief that the atmosphere of this trio is calming and it could be indeed played on its own in a church, for example during evening prayers. Oh, I must say that I neither had "Where Sheep May Safely Graze" nor „Sleepers Awake“ in mind (while being wonderful) when composing the prelude, my inspiration was the „Sinfonia“ from the Christmas Oratorio. But, yes, if there are feelings of quotations from Bach, that is intentional (and fortunately, Bach won't be making any copyright claims...).

Sorry, that I just had to press the „laughing“ button when reading your announcement of mashing up "O, Christmas Tree" with "Hark! The Herald Angel's Sing!", this must be wild! Now after listening to it I had to smile again on how confusing it comes to the listener having two carols at the same time being on the one hand well blended together but also producing some frictions so that listener is kept focused when he wants to follow and concentrate on either the one or the other carol. All in all that mashups were very inspiring to me and perhaps I’ll try to figuring out something similar for the piano and call it „double fugue“, haha!

Congratulations for showing well, what can be achieved with a full symphonic orchestra! Sometimes I joke that a symphony orchestra is a conductor's very special toy, similar to nowadays DAW software where one is able to mix dozens of tracks and special effects (yes, I attended a concert last year where video game music was performed by such a full symphonic orchestra and it was a fun for me to see what sounds could be produced with the natural instruments – even it is not my genre). But sometimes these enormous possibilities can also become a problem when there are dozens of bars with virtuoso cadenzas and effects, but the audience can no longer follow which musical idea or theme is being played. That’s why it is important to have a clear structure or even a „simple piece“ already accomplished as the base before the orchestration. Since this is the case in your piece, it is – in my opinion – easy to follow and so enjoyable with the colorful instrumentation, such as the harp and even woodwind runnings in bars 21-24 and the Glockenspiel/triangle in bars 27-34. The objection that you have remained in the same key is, in my opinion, not a problem for this short piece, which is only a miniature and not a large concerto or symphony. Having listened so many mashups of Christmas carols the last few days, I feel to hear citations of „O Christmas tree“ and „dashing thru the snow“ in your piece as well, emphasizing the Christmas mood. Thank you for this enjoyable wintery piece and a happy New Year.

What a charming, if somewhat sad song! Maybe its a fortune that you posted your submission „so late“, since its melancholic mood perfectly fits the imagination of the last piece performed on a party or the piano player is playing his ultimate song while the last guests are leaving the restaurant. I suspect that it is a live-recording. If so, congratulations to that beautiful performance and a happy New Year.

Happy New Year to Hongkong, @Henry Ng Tsz Kiu! Since I was busy with the 2025 Christmas Event over the past few weeks, I haven’t had enough time to continue that piece – and therefore apologies for my silence – I think I will get back to this fugue in the new year. Thanks for the advice concerning C natural vs. B sharp – haha, your C-sharp-minor-biased eyes are looking forward those things instantly. I will check it out thoroughly.

I double checked the submission thread and now I think I have accomplished my reviews on all submissions of the participants. Did I forgot anyone? And – Christmas seems to be a busy time – where are all the other reviewers? I posted 20 reviews but received only seven ones (for two submissions)? Perhaps the deadline for finishing the reviews should be extended? However, it was again a great fun for me (even combined with some effort) to participate in that event. Thanks for organizing!

Hello @Fugax Contrapunctus, I discovered your YouTube videos a few years ago when I was looking for new/original compositions concerning fugues and counterpoint. In your channel information I found the link to the Young Composers Forum and so I have to thank you, consequently, that I am here today! Since my own compositional style or approach is counterpuntual, too, I’m very interested in your work and have been following—albeit quietly—your transition from piano/harpsichord fugues to the increasingly vocal-oriented works in the last years. I’m still „stuck“ with my piano project composing 24 preludes and fugues in the form of the WTC, and so I usually write 3- or 4-part fugues (and for now, one with 6 parts). With this experience in mind, writing an 8-part counterpoint cannot be overstated, since you’re literally running out of notes if the voice leading is not organized cleverly. I don’t want to repeat the comments and what you stated yourself about a capella choirs, but there is no instrumentation comparable with the clarity and expressiveness of the human voice. There have been lots of inventions and improvements in instrument building during the centuries, but in my opinion, the achievement was more and more a better blending of that instruments and the introduction of different „noises“ and effects (as one can do with a full symphonic orchestra), but the focus on the „voice“ itself has been lost by that development. So I appreciate the revival of the skills of the Baroque and even the Renaissance era, to transfer them to the present day, possibly in combination with contemporary elements. For me, the most valuable submission to this 2025 Christmas event.

It's amazing how perfectly these two Christmas carols blend together, and not only might you be confused about which song you're working on, but the listener is surely confused too, but in a very pleasant way. Someone might therefore maliciously say that Christmas carols are all the same, but this example proofs that it is really the case, in their universality of the gospel. Yes, there are some slightly dissonances which I like very much, so that the piece doesn’t become „to sweet“.

After listening your second Christmas carol mashup and following the score I must say you have „invented“ or „promoted“ a very interesting „new genre“ of counterpuntual composition (at least for me). The exciting thing about it is, that the listener usually doesn’t notice the elaboration needed to achieve the mashup. They hear melodies, harmonies, and phrases that are familiar to them, but at the same time something unexpected is happening. I called it „new genre“ since you do not combine single voices together, such as in a canon or a double fugue, but take phrases of two to four voices, which are already harmonized together, and put them against similar phrases from the other carol, thus creating a counterpoint not only of voices but of – to say choirs. That's amazing and very inspiring!