what does (m.19) etc mean?

hey there,

Im a new member to this site but it looks very good. Im also a music producer and engineer, if anyone has software (PC) problems etc feel free to ask. anyway, Im researching some classic works and 'refere to (m.19)/ (m.132ff)' etc etc in a paticular works keeps coming up. What does this mean?? is this seconds, bars ??

help if can thanks.

(m.19)/ (m.132ff)' QUOTE]

Well, it should mean : mesure number 19. So you have to count 19 mesures (mesures are separated by vertical barline - just in case you wonder). I guess that m.132ff would me for me that you have to see at the fortissimo sign (ff) at the mesure 132 ! :blush:

Any other questions !?

This is in the wrong forum: should be Advice and Techniques.

Moderation: and so it was moved. :blush:

Measures = bars. M. is short for measure

FF I'm pretty sure doesn't refer to fortissimo, but I can't actually remember what it does refer to.. anyone else know?

I truly never saw that... but it might be an english term that I don't know about also... ;)

Yeah... see when I saw it, I assumed the same thing as you, but then every single reference made used ff, so I realised that not all music is fortissimo ;)

I don't know its origin, but "ff" in this context means "and the following (pages, measures, whatever)". You'll want to see measure 132 and the following measures.

Ahah I just thought about one signification of FF... but there problably are people of under 18yo here... so I'll pass ! ahahah ;) (only few people might understand here and it doesn't matter if you don't... really !).

Thanks alot for all of your helps people. Thank you Thank you!!